Body Dysmorphic Disorder
Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD), also known as dysmorphophobia, is a mental health disorder characterized by a preoccupation with perceived flaws or defects in one's physical appearance. Individuals with BDD often become excessively concerned about a specific part or multiple parts of their body, even if the perceived flaw is minimal or nonexistent.
This obsession with their appearance can cause significant distress, leading to impaired functioning in various areas of life. People with BDD may engage in repetitive behaviors such as excessive grooming, seeking reassurance, or constantly checking their appearance in mirrors or other reflective surfaces.
BDD can severely impact self-esteem, relationships, and overall quality of life. It is important to note that BDD is a distinct mental health condition and should not be confused with dissatisfaction with one's appearance that is common to many individuals.
Engagement in therapy with a psychologist can help you with these symptoms.
Symptoms
Symptoms of body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) can vary from person to person, but they generally involve a preoccupation with perceived flaws in one's appearance that cause significant distress and impairment. Here are some common symptoms:
Preoccupation with appearance: Constantly thinking about perceived flaws or defects in one or more body parts that others may not notice or consider minor.
Excessive self-consciousness: Feeling extremely self-conscious and distressed about the perceived flaws, leading to avoidance of social situations or activities that may highlight the concerns.
Frequent mirror checking or seeking reassurance: Spending excessive time in front of mirrors, examining or scrutinizing the perceived flaws, or seeking reassurance from others about one's appearance.
Excessive grooming or camouflaging: Spending significant time engaging in grooming behaviors, such as excessive makeup application or hair styling, or using clothes or accessories to hide the perceived flaws.
Comparing appearance to others: Frequently comparing one's appearance to others and feeling inferior or fixated on the differences.
Impaired functioning: BDD can significantly impact daily functioning, relationships, work, and academic performance, causing distress and interference in various areas of life.
Emotional distress: Experiencing high levels of anxiety, shame, depression, or frustration related to the perceived flaws.
Seeking cosmetic procedures: Some individuals with BDD may seek multiple cosmetic procedures or interventions to address the perceived flaws, but they often find little or no satisfaction from the changes.
It's important to note that these symptoms are not simply concerns about body weight or shape, as seen in eating disorders, but rather a fixation on specific aspects of appearance that may or may not be noticeable to others. If you or someone you know is experiencing symptoms of BDD, it is recommended to seek professional help with a psychologistfor accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment.
Treatment
Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT): CBT is considered the most effective form of therapy for BDD. It helps individuals challenge and modify distorted beliefs and perceptions about their appearance. Through CBT, individuals learn to identify negative thought patterns, develop more realistic thinking, and engage in behavioral experiments to test their beliefs.
Exposure and response prevention (ERP): ERP is a specific type of therapy that involves gradual and controlled exposure to situations or triggers that cause anxiety or distress related to body image concerns. This exposure allows individuals to learn new ways of responding to their fears and reduces avoidance behaviors.
It's important for individuals with BDD to work closely with psychologists who have experience in treating the disorder. Treatment plans are often personalized to the individual's specific needs, and the length of treatment may vary depending on the severity of symptoms. With proper therapy and support, individuals with BDD can find relief from distressing symptoms, improve their body image, and enhance their overall quality of life.
If you would like more information, or to book an initial appointment, please contact the practice.